The Intelligent Building is the product of the development of modern information society. It has become the development direction jointly pursued by the contemporary construction industry and the electronic information industry. At present, governments and major multinational corporations around the world have expressed great concern for smart buildings and have formulated various regulations and policies to promote their rapid development. In recent years, intelligent buildings have received more and more attention from the Chinese government and enterprises. It is understood that many provinces and cities in China have introduced regulations to promote the development of intelligent buildings. Many property developers, for the sake of commercial interests, have helped the development of smart buildings.

 

The Integrated Wiring System has emerged along with the development of intelligent buildings. It is a “highway” that can be realized by intelligent buildings. It is synonymous with smart buildings even today when smart buildings are still immature and perfect. So its development will be faster and faster. The concept and composition of intelligent buildings and integrated wiring

 

1, the general concept

 

The development history of intelligent buildings and integrated wiring is relatively short, and there are many descriptions about them, but no unified concept has yet been formed. The American Intelligent Building Institute defines smart buildings as: Intelligent Buildings integrates structures, systems, services, operations, and relationships to achieve the best combination for high efficiency, high performance, and high comfort. Sexual building. The integrated wiring system is an integrated information transmission system that satisfies the needs of the integrated services of intelligent buildings and is used to transmit digital, voice, image, graphic and other signals, and supports multi-vendor equipment. It is an important component of intelligent buildings. section.

 

2, the composition

 

The intelligent building is mainly composed of five main parts: the main control center, the integrated wiring system, the building automation system, the office automation system, and the communication automation system:

 

●Main control center

 

It is the highest-level control center of the intelligent building with computer as the main body. It integrates the subsystems through the integrated wiring system, implements unified management and monitoring of the entire building, and establishes a standard information exchange between the subsystems. platform.

 

● Integrated wiring system

 

It is the transmission system of all information of the building. It uses twisted pair or optical cable to complete the transmission of various types of information. Different from the traditional building information transmission system, it adopts modular design and unified standard implementation to meet the requirements of intelligent buildings. , flexibility and other requirements, it generally includes six parts: building group subsystem, equipment room subsystem, vertical subsystem, horizontal subsystem, management subsystem, work area subsystem.

 

●Building automation system

 

Use modern electronic technology to monitor and manage the environment and equipment operation in the building, so that the building can achieve safety, comfort, efficiency, convenience and flexibility, specifically by lighting control, air conditioning control, access control, cold drainage control, cold Heat source control, power control, fire protection, security, elevator management, garage management and other components.

 

●Office automation system

 

The office automation system is an automated means of auxiliary office supported by high-tech such as computer technology, communication technology and system science. It mainly includes: electronic mail box, audio-visual, electronic display, property management, word processing, shared information base, daily affairs. Management and other parts. It will mainly complete various types of electronic data processing, implement effective management of various types of information and assist decision makers in making correct and rapid decisions.

 

●Communication automation system

 

Specifically responsible for establishing information exchange and transmission relationships between various images, texts, voices and data inside and outside the building. It mainly includes: satellite communication, radio paging, conference TV, video, fax, telephone, cable TV, data communication and other parts.

 

In summary, the intelligent building is essentially a building that integrates BA, CA, OA and architectural art with electronic system integration technology, which is suitable for the comprehensive requirements of modern information society. The integrated wiring system is realized. This combined organic carrier. The intelligent building's electronic system integration technology and architectural art are both combined and relatively independent (from a professional perspective).

 

Problems in the development of intelligent buildings and integrated wiring

 

From the professional point of view, the intelligent building electronic system integration part has evolved into an emerging industry. Therefore, the industry needs to carefully analyze and study its characteristics according to the development of this industry, so as to further standardize its development and enable it to More rapid and better development, the author feels that the following problems need to be solved in the practice work in recent years.

 

1. Design, construction, and acceptance should be further regulated

 

Regarding smart buildings and integrated wiring, there are already many relevant industry standards in the world such as:

 

ETA/TIA568; ETA/TIA570; ETA/TIA569; ISO/IEC11801; IEEE802.3; IEEE802.5, etc.

 

In 1997, China also promulgated the "CEC89:97 Construction and Building Group Integrated Cabling System Construction and Acceptance Specifications"; "CEC72:97 Building and Building Group Integrated Cabling System Design Specification" and other two industry norms.

 

At present, these standards are mainly related to the standards of integrated wiring systems, and are not perfect enough. The system integration equipment, interface communication protocols and design and construction of intelligent buildings have not seen relatively complete and unified standards, so most domestic design and construction units are based on equipment. The equipment supplier's recommendations were designed and constructed, so there were various types of intelligent buildings, and the quality and performance indicators of the system could not be guaranteed. Although there are not many problems exposed at present, it is difficult to ensure that it can adapt to future needs.

 

The intelligent building is responsible for the main node of the future "information superhighway" website. It is different from the single mechanical and electrical equipment. If there is no unified standard, a large number of intelligent buildings under construction are likely to become the future information ocean. In the isolated island, I believe that industry standards and standards for the design, construction, and acceptance of intelligent buildings and integrated wiring should be established as soon as possible. In order to standardize the design team and design standards; standardize the construction team and standards; standardize the acceptance agencies and acceptance criteria to ensure that the intelligent building under construction meets the needs of the future.

 

2. Equipment and equipment entering the intelligent building must be strictly controlled.

 

As the intelligent building is an emerging industry, there is no clear basis for system integrators to choose equipment and equipment. At present, many merchants from all over the world are flooding into China, and the products are varied, which gives system integrators equipment and equipment selection. Providing a large degree of freedom, but there is no guarantee that these products are truly in line with standards. It is normal for a new industry to develop at the beginning, but when the industry is gradually mature, it is necessary to have a certain The control measures are taken to prevent some non-standard and non-standard products from being lodged in the market, which will have a negative impact on the development of the intelligent building industry.

 

3. The development of intelligent buildings should not be blindly pursued

 

Since the advent of the world's first intelligent building in the 1980s, its development has been extremely rapid. Since the 1990s, there have been many intelligent buildings in China, such as Beijing Jingguang Center, Shanghai Haimao Center Building, Shenzhen Diwang Building, etc. Many commentators believe that “the intelligent building in the true sense is not yet available”, but we should realize that the intelligent building is a concept of development. It is a kind of system integration. Its integrated components can be based on actual needs and financial resources. With the development of technological progress, integrated wiring, a carrier that realizes the integration of electronic systems and architectural art, needs to be implemented immediately following the establishment of the building. Therefore, a complete integrated wiring system is established at the same time as building construction. For the various types of system integration equipment of the intelligent building to build a "highway" platform, the prototype of a smart building has been established, and the components of system integration can be continuously increased and improved with the development needs.

 

4. Need to increase the promotion of integrated wiring development

 

The integrity of the integrated wiring system will play a very important role in defining the function of the intelligent building. At the same time, the integrated wiring system is the most closely integrated part of the intelligent building and the construction industry. The integrated wiring system brings high long-term to the building. Return on investment is a well-recognized view, but it is still necessary for the majority of homeowners and construction industry decision-makers to fundamentally recognize this.

 

5. The development of the domestic system integration industry should be encouraged and protected

 

At present, the equipment and equipment that enter the domestic intelligent building are almost all foreign products, and even the engineering contract for system integration is monopolized by foreign companies (the actual construction is mostly domestic companies). Such an industry with broad market prospects, such as long-term monopoly by foreign companies, will be very unfavorable to the construction industry and the electronic system integration industry. For electronic systems integration such as soft technology-based industries, the domestic enterprise technology level is no less than foreign (the development history of foreign system integration industry is also very short), and the domestic system integration industry has long-term cooperation with the domestic construction industry. The experience is therefore very important to establish effective measures to encourage and protect the development of the domestic system integration industry, so that the construction industry and the system integration industry can work together to develop a self-reliant road to develop China's intelligent buildings.